Due to the rise of civic consciousness, residents near pig farms have begun to protest against the pollution caused by pig farms, and disputes have arisen with pig farm operators. Issues such as wastewater and deodorization in pig farms cannot be ignored. In addition, the local authorities have become increasingly strict in the discharge of aquaculture wastewater and the deodorization testing of aquaculture farms, which also poses a problem for farmers. Therefore, how to deodorize pig farms is increasingly important in breeding.

The main source of odor in general breeding farm deodorization is the decomposition of pig manure, sewage, bedding, feed, etc; The primary source of the odor that needs to be removed in the deodorization of breeding farms is the volatile gases released by anaerobic microorganisms when decomposing pig manure. The main components of pig manure are proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, and its decomposition process can be divided into aerobic and anaerobic depending on the amount of oxygen. If the breeding farm does not carry out deodorization, the decomposition products of these substances in aerobic pig manure and urine include nitrogen compounds, carbon dioxide, and sulfides. The decomposition products under anaerobic conditions include gases such as methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and some intermediate products. Failure to deodorize in breeding farms can lead to the occurrence of foul odors during the decomposition process of such products. Proteins and amino acids undergo decarboxylation and deamination due to bacterial activity. Failure to deodorize in breeding farms can cause many organic compounds to occur during the anaerobic decomposition process of pig manure. Through the chaotic chemical reactions between anaerobic bacteria and intermediate products, foul smelling gases are formed. Other farms need to carry out deodorization in a timely manner, spraying fresh feces with biological deodorants. Fresh pig feces, gases emitted from the digestive tract, secretions from sebaceous and sweat glands, and dirt adhering to the body surface will emit unpleasant odors. In addition, the dust in the air of the pig farm serves as a carrier for microorganisms and adsorbs many volatile odors. If the deodorization of the breeding farm is carried out in a timely manner, microorganisms will continuously decompose dust and organic matter, resulting in a foul odor.

In the determination of deodorizing components in breeding farms, it is indicated that there are up to 230 types of odorous components. It is composed of many gases and volatile substances, including organic acids, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, phenols, heterocycles, ammonia, and sulfides in pig excrement. Being in a work environment without deodorization for a long time, the high concentration of odor causes workers to experience symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, and asthma. When ammonia gas is between 25-37.5mg/m3, workers can detect a special odor. However, when ammonia gas is between 50-62.5mg/m3, the eyes will be affected and preliminary tears will flow. When the ammonia concentration is higher than 125mg/m3, it will cause eyelid inflammation, and when it is higher than 187.5mg/m3, there will be poisoning. In the allowable concentration standard for harmful substances in the air of pig farms controlled by probiotics in labor work environments, the allowable concentration of ammonia is 35mg/m3. There are about twelve types of organic acids in pig manure and urine in the deodorization of breeding farms, with acetic acid and propionic acid accounting for a higher proportion, with the former accounting for about 60% and the latter accounting for about 35%. Generally speaking, the proportion of volatile organic acids in pig manure and urine is about 4-25mg/L. In the allowable concentration standard for harmful substances in the air of labor working environments without deodorization in breeding farms, the allowable concentration of acetic acid is 10ppm. If the deodorization in breeding farms is not good, its inhalation or absorption through the skin may constitute poisoning. If the skin or eyes come into contact with acetic acid, it may cause effects or burns. The allowable concentration standard for harmful substances in the air of labor working environments for phenol is 5ppm. Phenolic molecules in deodorization of breeding farms can be inhaled, absorbed, or absorbed by the skin, which has an impact on the arrangement and can cause skin lesions and carcinogenicity. In the allowable concentration standard for harmful substances in the air of labor working environments, hydrogen sulfide is allowed to have a concentration of 10ppm. Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless toxic gas, and at a concentration of 0.05ppm, without deodorization treatment by breeding farms, its particularly unpleasant odor - rotten egg odor can be smelled; However, if exposed to low concentrations that have not been deodorized by the breeding farm for a short period of time, it may constitute olfactory fatigue without self-awareness, and thus constitute severe poisoning; If exposed to high concentrations above 1000ppm, it may constitute an immediate death of the patient. In clinical practice, hydrogen sulfide poisoning mainly constitutes respiratory depression and central nervous system symptoms such as chest tightness, headache, dizziness, nausea, lack of direction, and unconsciousness.

Harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide that have not been deodorized by breeding farms are also the primary gases that cause damage to pigs. Harm of ammonia gas: When the concentration of ammonia gas in places without deodorization of breeding farms is too high, it can cause mucosal congestion, conjunctivitis, and various respiratory diseases in pigs. In severe cases, it can lead to blindness, pulmonary edema, and even death in pigs, affecting their growth and development. Ammonia gas in the deodorization of breeding farms can cause rapid growth and metabolism of mucosal cells, which increases the demand for oxygen and energy. As a result, the energy used for growth and production in pigs is correspondingly reduced, which in turn lowers their immunity. After the ammonia gas is inhaled through the respiratory tract in the deodorization of breeding farms, it reduces the oxidation function of hemoglobin, leading to anemia and arranged hypoxia, which reduces the body's immunity to pathogens.

Article source: Deodorant manufacturer http://www.scneng.com.hk